Building structure



Aug. 29, 1933- H. s. RING 1,924,414

BUILDING STRUCTURE Filed Jan. 2, 1930 i A TTORNE Y.

Patented Aug. 29, 1933 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE BUILDING STRUCTUREHarry S. Ring, Chicago,- Ill.

Application January 2, 1930. Serial No. 417,893

2 Claims.

The present invention relates to a building structure and hasparticularly-to do with an improved construction of houses, garages, andother buildings.

It should be apparent, of course, that the novel features hereinafterdescribed are not limited to the type of building illustrated, but maybe employed for other structures.

The primary object of the invention is to cheapen building constructionby requiring less and cheaper material and by necessitating less labor.

A secondary object of the invention is economy of space in the type ofstructure illustrated and described, this economy being obtained byemploying thinner walls than is usual in buildings of the same bulk butobtaining the same relative strength for the finished building. Forexample, walls of but three inches thickness in the present inventioncompare favorably with the usual eight or nine inch brick or cementblock walls or the usual six inch hollow tile employed by bearing walls.This economy of space is obtained without sacrificing strength ordurability. As the present wall structure is lighter than other types, afurther economy in foundation structure may also be effected.

A further object of the invention is to obtain a building that isstronger than one of ordinary masonry due to the employment of a metalskeleton.

These objects, and such other objects as may hereinafter appear, areobtained by the novel construction, unique arrangement and improvedcombination of the several elements employed, a single embodiment of theinvention being illustrated in the accompanying drawing in which:-

Figure l is a horizontal section on the line 1--1 of Figure 2illustrating the lower frame members for the structure herein describedand showing temporary reinforcing members;

Figure 2 is a side elevation of the permanent skeleton and a temporaryframe showing horizont'al and vertical skeleton members with theirobliquelydisposed temporary reinforcing elements;

Figure 3 is an enlarged sectional detail showing the manner of joiningpeaked roof frame members to the corner of the structure;

, Figure 4 is a side elevation partly in section and with a number ofthe wall slabs broken away to illustrate the permanent frame structure,there being a special form of slab shown conjointLv with the usual formin said figure; v

Figure 5 is an enlarged horizontal fragmentary section showing a part oftwo walls, a corner, anal the manner of attaching a door and a hinge; an

Figure 6 is a fragmentary detail of the initial temporary supportingframe-work taken at one corner of the structure.

Like reference characters are used to designate similar parts in thedrawing and in the description of the invention which follows.

In building a house, a garage or other building, of the present type, abase frame is first laid. In the structure illustrated in the drawing,this includes channel irons 10 which are side members disposedhorizontally to form the base portion of the steel frame-work.

The base frame work of the bottom of the house, garage or building,comprises four channel irons 10 at'90" angles which are joined togetherby clips 11 (see Figure 6) in a square or rectangular shape as shown,the channel irons 10 having bolt holes arranged at the proper points forattaching other members.

Said channel irons 10 are generally joined at their ends by the angleiron clips 11, and when so laid and fastened, the channel irons 10determine the shape of the ends and sides of the building.

Such a frame work of channel irons 10 and clips 11 is naturallyassembled at the location of the finished building.

A member 12, say an angle iron, may be disposed diagonally across thechannel irons 10 to form a template therewith for insuring that saidchannel irons are maintained in a horizontally adjusted position. Therectangular framework formed of members 10, 11 and 12 is raised in anysuitable manner to a proper position to bring the walls to their properelevation and it is held in such position by the blocking up from theground of the channel members 10.

A truly horizontal position is obtained by employing a spirit level orin any other suitable manner. When this is done, holes 16 are bored forfoundation piers 1'7. Using selected and properly spaced bolt holes inthe channel irons 10 and clips 34 as indicators, the hole 16 is dug inthe earth at each point where an upright skeleton member or stud 15,-32, and 35 is to be erected.

When the foundation piers 1.7 are laid, the uprights 15 are attached tothe channel irons 10, generally being bolted thereto. Thus the permanentskeleton of the building is assembled, the upright wall supportingmembers or studs 15 being bolted to the horizontal members 10, the endsof the studs 15 extending into the foundation holes 16 a short distance,say about a foot.

To the studs 15, an angle iron member 18 may be bolted or otherwiseattached, such member 18 being on the outside of the several studs 15.Thereafter, temporary diagonal members 30 are employed to hold the studs15 in upright position and in parallelism. Similar members 31 aredisposed across angle irons 18 to further strengthen and stiffen thestructure and to prevent bulging. Such upright members or studs 15 maycomprise I beams of suitable dimension and the diagonal members 30 and31 may comprise angle irons.

At the corners, angle irons 32 are arranged in upright position toprovide strong and protective corners for the whole building. In Figure6, it is shown that where a corner angle iron upright or stud isattached, there is necessitated an angle iron clip 34 instead of usingdirect attachment of the angle iron to the channel iron framework.

In order to facilitate the rapid assembly of a frame, all of the holesnecessary for the various bolts required to join the several framemembers may be located in advance of construction in predeterminedpositions so that in advance of putting up a structure, suitablematerial may be arranged for, andhouses or other structures may be cutto form so to speak, as to their frame material.

When such. bolt holes are pre-arranged, the entire skeleton structuremay be arranged in plumb or in level, the bolt holes serving as guidesto carry out such an arrangement. The proper leveling and blocking ofthe horizontal floor members facilitates keeping the entire building intrue. When the frame members 10 are once properly leveled and plumbed,no additional levelling or plumbing is usually necessary.

When the preliminary steps of arranging the frame herein described aretaken, concrete is poured into the foundation holes 16 under and aroundthe lower ends of the studs 15, 32, and 35 whereby to form a permanentsupport or foundation therefor in the form of piers or posts 17. If theground upon which the structure is to stand is low at any point, formsmay be made about the holes 16 in the earth, and such molds may bearranged to extend from the top surface of the earth sufiiciently tobring the tops of the piers 17 to a proper level in respect to the studs15 or horizontal members 10.

When the frame is completed and the foundation laid as indicated,intermediate the I beam vertical members or studs 15, curtain members 19are installed. The curtain members 19 comprise concrete slabs, say aboutone foot by three feet by two and one-half inches thick. Each has areduced end 20, and these may be parallel as is shown in the two blocksat the lower right hand comer of Figure 4. The ends 20 of the curtainmembers project between the flanges 21 of the I beams 15, such flangesforming tracks therefor, and by which flanges the slabs 19 aremaintained in position. At the corners, the ends 20 are held at theoutside by the corner member 32, the abutting corners of the blocks 19being bevelled at 33 to provide a layer bearing surface to prevent aninward fall of the blocks 19. The bottom row of curtain members 19 hasits ends 20 resting on the top of the concrete piers 1'1. Between thesuperimposed curtain members 19 and between the curtain members 19 andskeleton members 15, 32 and 35 mortar is spread.

Suitable windows and doors, of course, may be provided for as shown inthe accompanying drawing. Special frame members may be applied for doorsand windows, as for example, those shown in Figure 5. There a cornerwith an angle iron stud 32 and with a finial stud 35 are shown. Thehinge 36 for the door 37 is applied to the finial stud 35.

At the top, the curtain members 19 are in juxtaposition to the angleirons 18 upon which the roof frame member 38 and 39 rest. The weight ofthe roof frame members 38 and 39 does not rest upon the curtain members19, which members bear no weight whatever except their own or that ofthe similar members above them.

Suitable roof material 40, flooring material, and doors and windows, maybe employed, the invention being founded primarily upon the structure ofthe building wall, i. e., the frame members and the curtain membersassociated therewith.

When it is desired to employ a flat roof, the members 18 may be boltedin the inside to provide a support for the rafters. In such case theblocks 19 may extend above the members 18 to provide a parapet aroundthe building.

While only one form of structure is shown in the accompanying drawing,it is perfectly obvious that the construction described and its novelfeatures may be applied to a large number of structures whollydissimilar in general appearance from the instant device. It is equallyobvious that for various parts of the frame I beams may be substitutedfor channels and vice-verse. and that other substitutions may readily bemade.

I claim:-

1. That process of producing a building structure which comprises thesteps of patterning portions of such building by templates, attachingframe members to the templates, supporting the templates and framemembers above the site for the structure, erecting a foundation for theskeleton frame thus formed, adding curtain walls to the frame, andthereafter removing the templates.

2. That process of producing a building structure which comprises thesteps of patterning a portion of such building by templates, attachingframe members to the templates, supporting the templates and framemembers above a site for the structure, leveling the skeleton frameformed of the templates and frame members, erecting a foundationthereunder, adding curtain walls to the skeleton frame thus formed, andthereafter detaching the templates.

HARRY S RING.

